REPRESENTASI MASKULINITAS DALAM CERITA RAKYAT KOMERING PITU PHUYANG

REPRESENTATION OF MASCULINITY IN THE KOMERING FOLKTALE PITU PHUYANG

Abstract

Masculinity is part of social reality that needs to be studied in depth because it can provide a basic understanding of the gender problems that exist in everyday life. Pitu Phuyang is one of Komering's folk tales many of which represent the dominance of masculinity through the characters in the story. This research was conducted with the aim of describing of masculinity contained in the folklore of Komering Pitu Phuyang. Masculinity theory used in reference to Janet Saltzman Chafetz's (Sugiarti et al., 2022) division of seven areas of masculinity. The research method used is descriptive qualitative type. Tangible research data quotations of words or sentences contained in the main data source, folklore Komering Pitu Phuyang. Research data was collected using the note-taking technique. Once collected, the data is analyzed interactively. The research results show that Komering Pitu Phuyang folklore contains quite a dominance of masculinity complex. The seven areas of masculinity were found to be inherent in every action of the story characters. In general, the story characters are depicted as masculine men with the main characteristics of having strength and courage, aggressive, provider, possessing calm, leader, trustworthy, moral, and adventurous. This study is expected to contribute to understanding cultural identity, especially in relation to aspects of masculinity in modern society. Through this study, it is also expected to trigger new, more critical research in examining gender issues.

Maskulinitas merupakan bagian dari realitas sosial yang perlu dikaji secara mendalam karena dapat memberikan pemahaman mendasar terkait problematika gender yang ada di dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Pitu Phuyang merupakan salah satu cerita rakyat Komering yang banyak merepresentasikan maskulinitas melalui tokoh-tokoh ceritanya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan maskulinitas yang terkandung dalam cerita rakyat Komering Pitu Phuyang. Teori maskulinitas yang digunakan merujuk pada pembagian tujuh area maskulinitas oleh Janet Saltzman Chafetz. Metode penelitian yang digunakan berjenis kualitatif deskriptif. Data penelitian berwujud kutipan kata ataupun kalimat yang terdapat dalam sumber data utama, cerita rakyat Komering Pitu Phuyang. Data penelitian dikumpulkan menggunakan Teknik simak-catat. Setelah terkumpul, data dianalisis secara interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa cerita rakyat Komering Pitu Phuyang merepresentasikan aspek maskulinitas yang cukup kompleks. Ketujuh area maskulinitas ditemukan melekat pada setiap tindakan tokoh-tokoh ceritanya. Secara umum, tokoh cerita digambarkan sebagai laki-laki maskulin dengan ciri utama memiliki kekuatan dan keberanian, agresif, penyedia, memiliki ketenangan, pemimpin, dipercaya, bermoral, dan berjiwa petualang.